The Usage of Image Processing Techniques on the Determination of Pilling Grades

This compilation presents a detailed review of current research, developments, and progress on nanotechnology usage for the elimination of dyes from effluents released by textile industries. The benefits of using nanomaterials for functionalized textile production are presented, and the applications of nanomaterials in the most known functional technical textiles are discussed. The authors present the results of empirical studies carried out in the Portuguese industrial context, including the textile sector, where the relationship between negative effects associated with shift work and the adoption of certain management practices by organizations is analyzed. Additionally, the authors discuss how, to achieve the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technological tools must be incorporated into both the production and consumption of textiles. The closing study indicates that it is possible to make objective pilling detection easily for standard fabric structures in the textile industry using databases created by measuring lots of samples.

Chapter 5. The Usage of Image Processing Techniques on the Determination of Pilling Grades (Abdurrahman Telli, Department of Textile Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey)

ABSTRACT: Pilling is a serious defect of fabric surface that gives an unpleasant appearance to garment. Pilling tendency is tested with different methods and devices in the laboratory conditions. The determination of the pilling grades is made with visual control by operators. Therefore, the human factor is significantly effective in this subjective evaluation method and may cause incorrect results. Studies in recent years show that objective methods based on image processing are preparing to replace subjective pilling assessments. In this chapter, difficulties in the subjective evaluation of the pilling grades were explained. Potential opportunities presented by image processing studies in the literature on the objective evaluation of the pilling grades were investigated. Image processing steps were given with various examples by using Image Processing Toolbox and codes in MATLAB software. In this study, it was indicated that it is possible to make an objective pilling detection easily for the fabric structures used as standard in the textile industry thanks to the databases to be created with measuring lots of samples.

ISBN: 978-1-53618-770-0

Publication Date: October 30, 2020

Original Language: English

Document type: Book/ Restricted Access

Publisher: Nova Science

Link: https://novapublishers.com/shop/challenges-and-opportunities-in-the-textile-industry/

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The Relationship Between Subjective Pilling Evaluation Results and Detecting Pills and Textural Features in Knitted Fabrics

The digital image processing studies are used in order to eliminate problems of subjective pilling evaluation. However, these applications did not come to the desired point. The purpose of this research is to put forward with explanations about the reasons for the failures of previous studies in objective pilling evaluation. In this study, three issues were dwelled on. Firstly, data belong to original fabrics (0 turns) were taken into consideration. Secondly, data were standardized using min-max normalization with a feature scaling approach to compare different fabrics. For this process, data after pilling and results belong to original fabrics (0 turns) were taken together. Thirdly, knitted fabrics were separated into different categories according to formed pill types and characteristics after pilling processing. The results were evaluated in the most appropriate category according to the pill’s structure. Two sample fabrics containing appropriate structure and characteristics which were able to explain the three overlooked issues were used. In digital image processing made by paying attention to these mentioned three points, both pill parameters and textural features obtained from digital images were determined. The relationships between these parameters and subjective evaluation results were examined.

Source: Fibers and Polymers

Publisher: The Korean Fiber Society (KFS)

Original Language: English

Document type: Article / Restricted Access

Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12221-020-9552-1

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Objective Measurement of Pilling Resistance in Knitted Fabrics with Image Processing Techniques

In the textile industry, measurement techniques based on image processing principles prepare to take over subjective evalution.

In this study, MATLAB software was used to evaluate pilling of knitted fabrics as objective. Knitted fabric images were taken in the cycles of 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000 and 7000.

Fabric’s surface digitization, pills detection and segmentation were carried out from these images.

Texture analysis was performed with Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). After this phase, pill quantizations were made using images in matrix format obtained from image processing studies.

Standart deviation, entropy and mean of matrix elements, pill count, pill area and contrast values increased with the increase of rubbing cycles applied on the fabric.

Furthermore, the increase of rubbing cycles caused decrease in energy and homogeneity.

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